Knowledge

Evidence-based. Cited. Clear.

In-depth information on common spinal conditions — evidence-based, with references, written by Sebastian Bigdon, MD.

Topics

Lumbar Disc Herniation

Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation — conservative and surgical.

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Cervical Spine Conditions

Neck pain, arm pain and numbness from the cervical spine — from cervical radiculopathy to myelopathy.

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Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Neurogenic claudication, diagnosis and treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis — conservative and surgical.

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Spondylolisthesis

Degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis — diagnosis, conservative treatment, decompression and the question of stabilisation.

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Traumatic Spinal Injuries

Vertebral fracture after trauma: CT diagnostics, AO classification, conservative treatment, and minimally invasive stabilisation.

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Osteoporotic Fractures

Diagnosis, classification, and management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

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About this section

Many patients come to a consultation with existing imaging results and seek clear, evidence-based context. This section provides in-depth background information on specific clinical questions — complementing the clinical topic pages, not replacing a personal assessment.

All articles are written and medically reviewed by Sebastian Bigdon, MD. References are provided directly in each article.

Personal consultation

Online information cannot replace a medical assessment. I offer first and second opinions for patients seeking a thorough, individual evaluation.

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